BD1 1NN, Bradford has recorded a total of 373 crimes in the recent period of August 2024, equating to a crime rate of 474.10 per 1,000 population. This BD1 1NN crime rate stands in contrast to the broader BD1 postcode area, which has experienced 621 crimes and a crime rate of 93.89 per 1,000 population (August 2024 stats).
It's important to note that this BD1 1NN crime data is based on a circular area with a 500-meter radius around BD1 1NN, encompassing approximately 786 residents.
For the location information and nearby amenities in the BD1 1NN area, explore the BD1 1NN Area information page.
To explore detailed house prices and statistics in the BD1 1NN area, visit the BD1 1NN House Prices
The most prevalent crimes in the area during Aug were:
The surrounding areas of below locations have emerged as crime hotspots,
In August 2024, Violence and sexual offences recorded the highest number of incidents, totaling 133 followed closely by Public order, which accounted for 59 incidents.
Crime Type | Count | Crime Rate | Change |
---|---|---|---|
Violence and sexual offences | 133 | 474.10 | 9.92% |
Public order | 59 | 169.05 | -16.90% |
Drugs | 39 | 74.99 | 56.00% |
Criminal damage and arson | 25 | 49.57 | 92.31% |
Burglary | 23 | 31.78 | 130.00% |
Other theft | 22 | 29.23 | 69.23% |
Anti-social behaviour | 18 | 27.96 | 28.57% |
Robbery | 13 | 22.88 | 333.33% |
Shoplifting | 12 | 16.52 | -50.00% |
Possession of weapons | 8 | 15.25 | 700.00% |
Theft from the person | 7 | 10.17 | -36.36% |
Vehicle crime | 6 | 8.90 | 20.00% |
Other crime | 5 | 7.63 | 400.00% |
Bicycle theft | 3 | 6.36 | -40.00% |
In July 2024, Violence and sexual offences recorded the highest number of incidents, totaling 121 followed closely by Public order, which accounted for 71 incidents.
Crime Type | Count | Crime Rate | Change |
---|---|---|---|
Violence and sexual offences | 121 | 402.92 | -6.20% |
Public order | 71 | 153.80 | 54.35% |
Drugs | 25 | 90.24 | -32.43% |
Shoplifting | 24 | 31.78 | 41.18% |
Anti-social behaviour | 14 | 30.51 | -39.13% |
Criminal damage and arson | 13 | 17.79 | -38.10% |
Other theft | 13 | 16.52 | 18.18% |
Theft from the person | 11 | 16.52 | -26.67% |
Burglary | 10 | 13.98 | 0.00% |
Bicycle theft | 5 | 12.71 | 150.00% |
Vehicle crime | 5 | 6.36 | -37.50% |
Robbery | 3 | 6.36 | -72.73% |
Other crime | 1 | 3.81 | -90.91% |
Possession of weapons | 1 | 1.27 | -92.31% |
In June 2024, Violence and sexual offences recorded the highest number of incidents, totaling 129 followed closely by Public order, which accounted for 46 incidents.
Crime Type | Count | Crime Rate | Change |
---|---|---|---|
Violence and sexual offences | 129 | 449.95 | 9.32% |
Public order | 46 | 163.96 | 2.22% |
Drugs | 37 | 58.47 | 54.17% |
Anti-social behaviour | 23 | 47.03 | -20.69% |
Criminal damage and arson | 21 | 29.23 | 31.25% |
Shoplifting | 17 | 26.69 | 13.33% |
Theft from the person | 15 | 21.61 | 150.00% |
Possession of weapons | 13 | 19.07 | 160.00% |
Other crime | 11 | 16.52 | 83.33% |
Other theft | 11 | 13.98 | -52.17% |
Robbery | 11 | 13.98 | 0.00% |
Burglary | 10 | 13.98 | 0.00% |
Vehicle crime | 8 | 12.71 | 60.00% |
Bicycle theft | 2 | 10.17 | 0.00% |
In May 2024, Violence and sexual offences recorded the highest number of incidents, totaling 118 followed closely by Public order, which accounted for 45 incidents.
Crime Type | Count | Crime Rate | Change |
---|---|---|---|
Violence and sexual offences | 118 | 397.84 | 14.56% |
Public order | 45 | 149.98 | 9.76% |
Anti-social behaviour | 29 | 57.20 | 61.11% |
Drugs | 24 | 36.86 | 0.00% |
Other theft | 23 | 30.51 | 91.67% |
Criminal damage and arson | 16 | 29.23 | -20.00% |
Shoplifting | 15 | 20.34 | -40.00% |
Robbery | 11 | 19.07 | 120.00% |
Burglary | 10 | 13.98 | -23.08% |
Other crime | 6 | 12.71 | 20.00% |
Theft from the person | 6 | 7.63 | -57.14% |
Vehicle crime | 5 | 7.63 | 66.67% |
Possession of weapons | 5 | 6.36 | 150.00% |
In April 2024, Violence and sexual offences recorded the highest number of incidents, totaling 103 followed closely by Public order, which accounted for 41 incidents.
Crime Type | Count | Crime Rate | Change |
---|---|---|---|
Violence and sexual offences | 103 | 363.52 | -18.90% |
Public order | 41 | 130.92 | -19.61% |
Shoplifting | 25 | 52.11 | -10.71% |
Drugs | 24 | 31.78 | -17.24% |
Criminal damage and arson | 20 | 30.51 | -13.04% |
Anti-social behaviour | 18 | 25.42 | -18.18% |
Theft from the person | 14 | 22.88 | 55.56% |
Burglary | 13 | 17.79 | 18.18% |
Other theft | 12 | 16.52 | -50.00% |
Other crime | 5 | 15.25 | 25.00% |
Robbery | 5 | 6.36 | -28.57% |
Vehicle crime | 3 | 6.36 | -57.14% |
Possession of weapons | 2 | 3.81 | -83.33% |
Bicycle theft | 1 | 2.54 | 0.00% |
In March 2024, Violence and sexual offences recorded the highest number of incidents, totaling 127 followed closely by Public order, which accounted for 51 incidents.
Crime Type | Count | Crime Rate | Change |
---|---|---|---|
Violence and sexual offences | 127 | 451.22 | 5.83% |
Public order | 51 | 161.42 | -12.07% |
Drugs | 29 | 64.82 | -6.45% |
Shoplifting | 28 | 36.86 | -6.67% |
Other theft | 24 | 35.59 | 41.18% |
Criminal damage and arson | 23 | 30.51 | 27.78% |
Anti-social behaviour | 22 | 29.23 | -18.52% |
Possession of weapons | 12 | 27.96 | 140.00% |
Burglary | 11 | 15.25 | 83.33% |
Theft from the person | 9 | 13.98 | -50.00% |
Vehicle crime | 7 | 11.44 | 0.00% |
Robbery | 7 | 8.90 | 16.67% |
Other crime | 4 | 8.90 | -50.00% |
Bicycle theft | 1 | 5.08 | -50.00% |
In February 2024, Violence and sexual offences recorded the highest number of incidents, totaling 120 followed closely by Public order, which accounted for 58 incidents.
Crime Type | Count | Crime Rate | Change |
---|---|---|---|
Violence and sexual offences | 120 | 448.68 | 5.26% |
Public order | 58 | 152.53 | 1.75% |
Drugs | 31 | 73.72 | -3.12% |
Shoplifting | 30 | 39.40 | -23.08% |
Anti-social behaviour | 27 | 38.13 | 8.00% |
Criminal damage and arson | 18 | 34.32 | 38.46% |
Theft from the person | 18 | 22.88 | 50.00% |
Other theft | 17 | 22.88 | 0.00% |
Other crime | 8 | 21.61 | 33.33% |
Vehicle crime | 7 | 10.17 | 133.33% |
Burglary | 6 | 8.90 | -60.00% |
Robbery | 6 | 7.63 | -57.14% |
Possession of weapons | 5 | 7.63 | -16.67% |
Bicycle theft | 2 | 6.36 | 100.00% |
In January 2024, Violence and sexual offences recorded the highest number of incidents, totaling 114 followed closely by Public order, which accounted for 57 incidents.
Crime Type | Count | Crime Rate | Change |
---|---|---|---|
Violence and sexual offences | 114 | 449.95 | -12.98% |
Public order | 57 | 144.90 | -8.06% |
Shoplifting | 39 | 72.45 | 25.81% |
Drugs | 32 | 49.57 | 28.00% |
Anti-social behaviour | 25 | 40.67 | -13.79% |
Other theft | 17 | 31.78 | -19.05% |
Burglary | 15 | 21.61 | 150.00% |
Robbery | 14 | 19.07 | 55.56% |
Criminal damage and arson | 13 | 17.79 | -18.75% |
Theft from the person | 12 | 16.52 | -29.41% |
Other crime | 6 | 15.25 | 100.00% |
Possession of weapons | 6 | 7.63 | 50.00% |
Vehicle crime | 3 | 7.63 | 0.00% |
Bicycle theft | 1 | 3.81 | 0.00% |
In December 2023, Violence and sexual offences recorded the highest number of incidents, totaling 131 followed closely by Public order, which accounted for 62 incidents.
Crime Type | Count | Crime Rate | Change |
---|---|---|---|
Violence and sexual offences | 131 | 453.76 | -9.66% |
Public order | 62 | 166.51 | -10.14% |
Shoplifting | 31 | 78.80 | 24.00% |
Anti-social behaviour | 29 | 39.40 | 11.54% |
Drugs | 25 | 36.86 | -10.71% |
Other theft | 21 | 31.78 | 0.00% |
Theft from the person | 17 | 26.69 | 6.25% |
Criminal damage and arson | 16 | 21.61 | -36.00% |
Robbery | 9 | 20.34 | -18.18% |
Burglary | 6 | 11.44 | 200.00% |
Possession of weapons | 4 | 7.63 | -33.33% |
Other crime | 3 | 5.08 | -62.50% |
Vehicle crime | 3 | 3.81 | 0.00% |
In November 2023, Violence and sexual offences recorded the highest number of incidents, totaling 145 followed closely by Public order, which accounted for 69 incidents.
Crime Type | Count | Crime Rate | Change |
---|---|---|---|
Violence and sexual offences | 145 | 494.44 | 12.40% |
Public order | 69 | 184.30 | 11.29% |
Drugs | 28 | 87.70 | -22.22% |
Anti-social behaviour | 26 | 35.59 | -27.78% |
Criminal damage and arson | 25 | 33.05 | 66.67% |
Shoplifting | 25 | 31.78 | -30.56% |
Other theft | 21 | 31.78 | 16.67% |
Theft from the person | 16 | 26.69 | -11.11% |
Robbery | 11 | 20.34 | 0.00% |
Other crime | 8 | 13.98 | 0.00% |
Possession of weapons | 6 | 10.17 | 100.00% |
Bicycle theft | 4 | 7.63 | 33.33% |
Vehicle crime | 3 | 5.08 | -57.14% |
Burglary | 2 | 3.81 | -80.00% |
In October 2023, Violence and sexual offences recorded the highest number of incidents, totaling 129 followed closely by Public order, which accounted for 62 incidents.
Crime Type | Count | Crime Rate | Change |
---|---|---|---|
Violence and sexual offences | 129 | 498.25 | -5.84% |
Public order | 62 | 163.96 | 44.19% |
Drugs | 36 | 78.80 | 5.88% |
Anti-social behaviour | 36 | 45.76 | 44.00% |
Shoplifting | 36 | 45.76 | -2.70% |
Theft from the person | 18 | 45.76 | -10.00% |
Other theft | 18 | 22.88 | 5.88% |
Criminal damage and arson | 15 | 22.88 | -37.50% |
Robbery | 11 | 19.07 | 37.50% |
Burglary | 10 | 13.98 | 25.00% |
Other crime | 8 | 12.71 | 14.29% |
Vehicle crime | 7 | 10.17 | 40.00% |
Bicycle theft | 3 | 8.90 | -62.50% |
Possession of weapons | 3 | 3.81 | -57.14% |
In September 2023, Violence and sexual offences recorded the highest number of incidents, totaling 137 followed closely by Public order, which accounted for 43 incidents.
Crime Type | Count | Crime Rate | Change |
---|---|---|---|
Violence and sexual offences | 137 | 483.00 | 0.00% |
Public order | 43 | 174.13 | 0.00% |
Shoplifting | 37 | 54.65 | 0.00% |
Drugs | 34 | 47.03 | 0.00% |
Anti-social behaviour | 25 | 43.22 | 0.00% |
Criminal damage and arson | 24 | 31.78 | 0.00% |
Theft from the person | 20 | 30.51 | 0.00% |
Other theft | 17 | 25.42 | 0.00% |
Burglary | 8 | 21.61 | 0.00% |
Robbery | 8 | 10.17 | 0.00% |
Bicycle theft | 8 | 10.17 | 0.00% |
Other crime | 7 | 10.17 | 0.00% |
Possession of weapons | 7 | 8.90 | 0.00% |
Vehicle crime | 5 | 8.90 | 0.00% |
A total of 1507 Violence and sexual offences incidents were recorded over 12 month period, averaging 125.58 incidents per month. November 2023 saw the highest number of Violence and sexual offences incidents with 145 reported cases.
Month | Count |
---|---|
August 2024 | 133 |
July 2024 | 121 |
June 2024 | 129 |
May 2024 | 118 |
April 2024 | 103 |
March 2024 | 127 |
February 2024 | 120 |
January 2024 | 114 |
December 2023 | 131 |
November 2023 | 145 |
October 2023 | 129 |
September 2023 | 137 |
A total of 664 Public order incidents were recorded over 12 month period, averaging 55.33 incidents per month. July 2024 saw the highest number of Public order incidents with 71 reported cases.
Month | Count |
---|---|
August 2024 | 59 |
July 2024 | 71 |
June 2024 | 46 |
May 2024 | 45 |
April 2024 | 41 |
March 2024 | 51 |
February 2024 | 58 |
January 2024 | 57 |
December 2023 | 62 |
November 2023 | 69 |
October 2023 | 62 |
September 2023 | 43 |
A total of 292 Anti-social behaviour incidents were recorded over 12 month period, averaging 24.33 incidents per month. October 2023 saw the highest number of Anti-social behaviour incidents with 36 reported cases.
Month | Count |
---|---|
August 2024 | 18 |
July 2024 | 14 |
June 2024 | 23 |
May 2024 | 29 |
April 2024 | 18 |
March 2024 | 22 |
February 2024 | 27 |
January 2024 | 25 |
December 2023 | 29 |
November 2023 | 26 |
October 2023 | 36 |
September 2023 | 25 |
A total of 124 Burglary incidents were recorded over 12 month period, averaging 10.33 incidents per month. August 2024 saw the highest number of Burglary incidents with 23 reported cases.
Month | Count |
---|---|
August 2024 | 23 |
July 2024 | 10 |
June 2024 | 10 |
May 2024 | 10 |
April 2024 | 13 |
March 2024 | 11 |
February 2024 | 6 |
January 2024 | 15 |
December 2023 | 6 |
November 2023 | 2 |
October 2023 | 10 |
September 2023 | 8 |
A total of 229 Criminal damage and arson incidents were recorded over 12 month period, averaging 19.08 incidents per month. August 2024 saw the highest number of Criminal damage and arson incidents with 25 reported cases.
Month | Count |
---|---|
August 2024 | 25 |
July 2024 | 13 |
June 2024 | 21 |
May 2024 | 16 |
April 2024 | 20 |
March 2024 | 23 |
February 2024 | 18 |
January 2024 | 13 |
December 2023 | 16 |
November 2023 | 25 |
October 2023 | 15 |
September 2023 | 24 |
A total of 364 Drugs incidents were recorded over 12 month period, averaging 30.33 incidents per month. August 2024 saw the highest number of Drugs incidents with 39 reported cases.
Month | Count |
---|---|
August 2024 | 39 |
July 2024 | 25 |
June 2024 | 37 |
May 2024 | 24 |
April 2024 | 24 |
March 2024 | 29 |
February 2024 | 31 |
January 2024 | 32 |
December 2023 | 25 |
November 2023 | 28 |
October 2023 | 36 |
September 2023 | 34 |
A total of 72 Other crime incidents were recorded over 12 month period, averaging 6.00 incidents per month. June 2024 saw the highest number of Other crime incidents with 11 reported cases.
Month | Count |
---|---|
August 2024 | 5 |
July 2024 | 1 |
June 2024 | 11 |
May 2024 | 6 |
April 2024 | 5 |
March 2024 | 4 |
February 2024 | 8 |
January 2024 | 6 |
December 2023 | 3 |
November 2023 | 8 |
October 2023 | 8 |
September 2023 | 7 |
A total of 72 Possession of weapons incidents were recorded over 12 month period, averaging 6.00 incidents per month. June 2024 saw the highest number of Possession of weapons incidents with 13 reported cases.
Month | Count |
---|---|
August 2024 | 8 |
July 2024 | 1 |
June 2024 | 13 |
May 2024 | 5 |
April 2024 | 2 |
March 2024 | 12 |
February 2024 | 5 |
January 2024 | 6 |
December 2023 | 4 |
November 2023 | 6 |
October 2023 | 3 |
September 2023 | 7 |
A total of 109 Robbery incidents were recorded over 12 month period, averaging 9.08 incidents per month. January 2024 saw the highest number of Robbery incidents with 14 reported cases.
Month | Count |
---|---|
August 2024 | 13 |
July 2024 | 3 |
June 2024 | 11 |
May 2024 | 11 |
April 2024 | 5 |
March 2024 | 7 |
February 2024 | 6 |
January 2024 | 14 |
December 2023 | 9 |
November 2023 | 11 |
October 2023 | 11 |
September 2023 | 8 |
A total of 216 Other theft incidents were recorded over 12 month period, averaging 18.00 incidents per month. March 2024 saw the highest number of Other theft incidents with 24 reported cases.
Month | Count |
---|---|
August 2024 | 22 |
July 2024 | 13 |
June 2024 | 11 |
May 2024 | 23 |
April 2024 | 12 |
March 2024 | 24 |
February 2024 | 17 |
January 2024 | 17 |
December 2023 | 21 |
November 2023 | 21 |
October 2023 | 18 |
September 2023 | 17 |
A total of 30 Bicycle theft incidents were recorded over 12 month period, averaging 3.00 incidents per month. September 2023 saw the highest number of Bicycle theft incidents with 8 reported cases.
Month | Count |
---|---|
August 2024 | 3 |
July 2024 | 5 |
June 2024 | 2 |
April 2024 | 1 |
March 2024 | 1 |
February 2024 | 2 |
January 2024 | 1 |
November 2023 | 4 |
October 2023 | 3 |
September 2023 | 8 |
A total of 62 Vehicle crime incidents were recorded over 12 month period, averaging 5.17 incidents per month. June 2024 saw the highest number of Vehicle crime incidents with 8 reported cases.
Month | Count |
---|---|
August 2024 | 6 |
July 2024 | 5 |
June 2024 | 8 |
May 2024 | 5 |
April 2024 | 3 |
March 2024 | 7 |
February 2024 | 7 |
January 2024 | 3 |
December 2023 | 3 |
November 2023 | 3 |
October 2023 | 7 |
September 2023 | 5 |
A total of 163 Theft from the person incidents were recorded over 12 month period, averaging 13.58 incidents per month. September 2023 saw the highest number of Theft from the person incidents with 20 reported cases.
Month | Count |
---|---|
August 2024 | 7 |
July 2024 | 11 |
June 2024 | 15 |
May 2024 | 6 |
April 2024 | 14 |
March 2024 | 9 |
February 2024 | 18 |
January 2024 | 12 |
December 2023 | 17 |
November 2023 | 16 |
October 2023 | 18 |
September 2023 | 20 |
A total of 319 Shoplifting incidents were recorded over 12 month period, averaging 26.58 incidents per month. January 2024 saw the highest number of Shoplifting incidents with 39 reported cases.
Month | Count |
---|---|
August 2024 | 12 |
July 2024 | 24 |
June 2024 | 17 |
May 2024 | 15 |
April 2024 | 25 |
March 2024 | 28 |
February 2024 | 30 |
January 2024 | 39 |
December 2023 | 31 |
November 2023 | 25 |
October 2023 | 36 |
September 2023 | 37 |
A detailed breakdown of crime incidents by location within the BD1 1NN postcode area is presented below.
Total | 65 |
Violence and sexual offences | 20 |
Drugs | 19 |
Public order | 17 |
Criminal damage and arson | 6 |
Possession of weapons | 2 |
Other crime | 1 |
Total | 32 |
Public order | 8 |
Criminal damage and arson | 4 |
Anti-social behaviour | 4 |
Other theft | 4 |
Violence and sexual offences | 3 |
Drugs | 2 |
Burglary | 2 |
Theft from the person | 2 |
Possession of weapons | 1 |
Bicycle theft | 1 |
Robbery | 1 |
Total | 22 |
Violence and sexual offences | 11 |
Burglary | 4 |
Other theft | 2 |
Shoplifting | 2 |
Public order | 1 |
Robbery | 1 |
Theft from the person | 1 |
Total | 21 |
Violence and sexual offences | 12 |
Drugs | 4 |
Public order | 3 |
Bicycle theft | 1 |
Possession of weapons | 1 |
Total | 21 |
Violence and sexual offences | 6 |
Public order | 5 |
Robbery | 4 |
Other theft | 2 |
Anti-social behaviour | 1 |
Burglary | 1 |
Drugs | 1 |
Shoplifting | 1 |
Total | 19 |
Violence and sexual offences | 9 |
Drugs | 2 |
Other theft | 2 |
Public order | 2 |
Anti-social behaviour | 1 |
Burglary | 1 |
Robbery | 1 |
Theft from the person | 1 |
Total | 19 |
Violence and sexual offences | 9 |
Public order | 6 |
Anti-social behaviour | 1 |
Criminal damage and arson | 1 |
Other crime | 1 |
Robbery | 1 |
Total | 18 |
Drugs | 6 |
Violence and sexual offences | 6 |
Burglary | 1 |
Criminal damage and arson | 1 |
Other theft | 1 |
Public order | 1 |
Robbery | 1 |
Theft from the person | 1 |
Total | 18 |
Public order | 4 |
Violence and sexual offences | 4 |
Drugs | 2 |
Other theft | 2 |
Vehicle crime | 2 |
Burglary | 1 |
Robbery | 1 |
Shoplifting | 1 |
Theft from the person | 1 |
Total | 13 |
Violence and sexual offences | 7 |
Burglary | 2 |
Other theft | 2 |
Anti-social behaviour | 1 |
Criminal damage and arson | 1 |
Total | 13 |
Violence and sexual offences | 7 |
Criminal damage and arson | 2 |
Anti-social behaviour | 1 |
Burglary | 1 |
Other crime | 1 |
Public order | 1 |
Total | 11 |
Other theft | 4 |
Public order | 2 |
Anti-social behaviour | 1 |
Burglary | 1 |
Possession of weapons | 1 |
Robbery | 1 |
Violence and sexual offences | 1 |
Total | 10 |
Shoplifting | 4 |
Violence and sexual offences | 4 |
Drugs | 1 |
Public order | 1 |
Total | 7 |
Violence and sexual offences | 5 |
Burglary | 1 |
Other crime | 1 |
Total | 6 |
Anti-social behaviour | 3 |
Violence and sexual offences | 2 |
Criminal damage and arson | 1 |
Total | 6 |
Violence and sexual offences | 2 |
Anti-social behaviour | 1 |
Bicycle theft | 1 |
Burglary | 1 |
Public order | 1 |
Total | 5 |
Criminal damage and arson | 2 |
Violence and sexual offences | 2 |
Drugs | 1 |
Total | 5 |
Public order | 2 |
Burglary | 1 |
Possession of weapons | 1 |
Violence and sexual offences | 1 |
Total | 5 |
Violence and sexual offences | 3 |
Criminal damage and arson | 1 |
Vehicle crime | 1 |
Total | 5 |
Anti-social behaviour | 1 |
Criminal damage and arson | 1 |
Possession of weapons | 1 |
Vehicle crime | 1 |
Violence and sexual offences | 1 |
Total | 5 |
Violence and sexual offences | 4 |
Other theft | 1 |
Total | 5 |
Criminal damage and arson | 2 |
Violence and sexual offences | 2 |
Burglary | 1 |
Total | 4 |
Violence and sexual offences | 2 |
Drugs | 1 |
Vehicle crime | 1 |
Total | 4 |
Violence and sexual offences | 2 |
Criminal damage and arson | 1 |
Shoplifting | 1 |
Total | 3 |
Public order | 2 |
Violence and sexual offences | 1 |
Total | 3 |
Burglary | 1 |
Other theft | 1 |
Violence and sexual offences | 1 |
Total | 3 |
Shoplifting | 2 |
Public order | 1 |
Total | 3 |
Violence and sexual offences | 2 |
Shoplifting | 1 |
Total | 3 |
Burglary | 1 |
Possession of weapons | 1 |
Theft from the person | 1 |
Total | 2 |
Violence and sexual offences | 2 |