TRINITY SQUARE, EC3N 4AL, City of London has recorded a total of 142 crimes in the recent period of July 2024, equating to a crime rate of 342.84 per 1,000 population. This EC3N 4AL crime rate stands in contrast to the broader EC3N postcode area, which has experienced 53 crimes and a crime rate of 100.38 per 1,000 population (July 2024 stats).
It's important to note that this EC3N 4AL crime data is based on a circular area with a 500-meter radius around EC3N 4AL, encompassing approximately 414 residents.
For the location information and nearby amenities in the EC3N 4AL area, explore the EC3N 4AL Area information page.
To explore detailed house prices and statistics in the EC3N 4AL area, visit the EC3N 4AL House Prices
The most prevalent crimes in the area during Jul were:
The surrounding areas of below locations have emerged as crime hotspots,
In July 2024, Violence and sexual offences recorded the highest number of incidents, totaling 32 followed closely by Other theft, which accounted for 32 incidents.
| Crime Type | Count | Crime Rate | Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| Violence and sexual offences | 32 | 342.84 | 60.00% |
| Other theft | 32 | 77.26 | -30.43% |
| Shoplifting | 23 | 77.26 | 15.00% |
| Theft from the person | 16 | 55.53 | 33.33% |
| Public order | 9 | 38.63 | 28.57% |
| Criminal damage and arson | 8 | 21.73 | 33.33% |
| Burglary | 7 | 19.31 | 75.00% |
| Anti-social behaviour | 4 | 16.90 | -60.00% |
| Drugs | 4 | 9.66 | -33.33% |
| Robbery | 3 | 9.66 | 200.00% |
| Vehicle crime | 3 | 7.24 | 0.00% |
| Bicycle theft | 1 | 7.24 | -66.67% |
In June 2024, Other theft recorded the highest number of incidents, totaling 46 followed closely by Violence and sexual offences, which accounted for 20 incidents.
| Crime Type | Count | Crime Rate | Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| Other theft | 46 | 333.18 | 24.32% |
| Violence and sexual offences | 20 | 111.06 | 0.00% |
| Shoplifting | 20 | 48.29 | 5.26% |
| Theft from the person | 12 | 48.29 | -60.00% |
| Anti-social behaviour | 10 | 28.97 | -52.38% |
| Public order | 7 | 24.14 | -56.25% |
| Drugs | 6 | 16.90 | -50.00% |
| Criminal damage and arson | 6 | 14.49 | 100.00% |
| Burglary | 4 | 14.49 | -20.00% |
| Bicycle theft | 3 | 9.66 | -40.00% |
| Vehicle crime | 3 | 7.24 | -25.00% |
| Robbery | 1 | 7.24 | -75.00% |
In May 2024, Other theft recorded the highest number of incidents, totaling 37 followed closely by Theft from the person, which accounted for 30 incidents.
| Crime Type | Count | Crime Rate | Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| Other theft | 37 | 429.76 | -7.50% |
| Theft from the person | 30 | 89.33 | -3.23% |
| Anti-social behaviour | 21 | 72.43 | 40.00% |
| Violence and sexual offences | 20 | 50.70 | -28.57% |
| Shoplifting | 19 | 48.29 | -17.39% |
| Public order | 16 | 45.87 | 14.29% |
| Drugs | 12 | 38.63 | 33.33% |
| Burglary | 5 | 28.97 | 400.00% |
| Bicycle theft | 5 | 12.07 | 0.00% |
| Vehicle crime | 4 | 12.07 | 100.00% |
| Robbery | 4 | 9.66 | 300.00% |
| Criminal damage and arson | 3 | 9.66 | -25.00% |
| Possession of weapons | 2 | 7.24 | 0.00% |
In April 2024, Other theft recorded the highest number of incidents, totaling 40 followed closely by Theft from the person, which accounted for 31 incidents.
| Crime Type | Count | Crime Rate | Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| Other theft | 40 | 417.69 | 0.00% |
| Theft from the person | 31 | 96.57 | 106.67% |
| Violence and sexual offences | 28 | 74.85 | 27.27% |
| Shoplifting | 23 | 67.60 | 155.56% |
| Anti-social behaviour | 15 | 55.53 | 36.36% |
| Public order | 14 | 36.22 | 55.56% |
| Drugs | 9 | 33.80 | 125.00% |
| Bicycle theft | 5 | 21.73 | 400.00% |
| Criminal damage and arson | 4 | 12.07 | -20.00% |
| Vehicle crime | 2 | 9.66 | 0.00% |
| Burglary | 1 | 4.83 | -85.71% |
| Robbery | 1 | 2.41 | -80.00% |
In March 2024, Other theft recorded the highest number of incidents, totaling 40 followed closely by Violence and sexual offences, which accounted for 22 incidents.
| Crime Type | Count | Crime Rate | Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| Other theft | 40 | 313.87 | -13.04% |
| Violence and sexual offences | 22 | 96.57 | 4.76% |
| Theft from the person | 15 | 53.12 | -42.31% |
| Anti-social behaviour | 11 | 36.22 | 57.14% |
| Public order | 9 | 26.56 | 28.57% |
| Shoplifting | 9 | 21.73 | -64.00% |
| Burglary | 7 | 21.73 | 0.00% |
| Criminal damage and arson | 5 | 16.90 | 0.00% |
| Robbery | 5 | 12.07 | 150.00% |
| Drugs | 4 | 12.07 | -50.00% |
| Vehicle crime | 2 | 9.66 | 100.00% |
| Bicycle theft | 1 | 4.83 | -66.67% |
In February 2024, Other theft recorded the highest number of incidents, totaling 46 followed closely by Theft from the person, which accounted for 26 incidents.
| Crime Type | Count | Crime Rate | Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| Other theft | 46 | 388.71 | 43.75% |
| Theft from the person | 26 | 111.06 | 100.00% |
| Shoplifting | 25 | 62.77 | -24.24% |
| Violence and sexual offences | 21 | 60.36 | 61.54% |
| Drugs | 8 | 50.70 | 0.00% |
| Public order | 7 | 19.31 | 40.00% |
| Anti-social behaviour | 7 | 16.90 | 250.00% |
| Burglary | 7 | 16.90 | 16.67% |
| Criminal damage and arson | 5 | 16.90 | 66.67% |
| Bicycle theft | 3 | 12.07 | 0.00% |
| Other crime | 2 | 7.24 | 0.00% |
| Robbery | 2 | 4.83 | -50.00% |
| Vehicle crime | 1 | 4.83 | -66.67% |
| Possession of weapons | 1 | 2.41 | 0.00% |
In January 2024, Shoplifting recorded the highest number of incidents, totaling 33 followed closely by Other theft, which accounted for 32 incidents.
| Crime Type | Count | Crime Rate | Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| Shoplifting | 33 | 306.62 | 106.25% |
| Other theft | 32 | 79.67 | -46.67% |
| Theft from the person | 13 | 77.26 | -56.67% |
| Violence and sexual offences | 13 | 31.39 | -75.93% |
| Drugs | 8 | 31.39 | 33.33% |
| Burglary | 6 | 19.31 | 100.00% |
| Public order | 5 | 14.49 | -58.33% |
| Robbery | 4 | 12.07 | 100.00% |
| Vehicle crime | 3 | 9.66 | 50.00% |
| Bicycle theft | 3 | 7.24 | -25.00% |
| Criminal damage and arson | 3 | 7.24 | -25.00% |
| Other crime | 2 | 7.24 | 0.00% |
| Anti-social behaviour | 2 | 4.83 | -60.00% |
In December 2023, Other theft recorded the highest number of incidents, totaling 60 followed closely by Violence and sexual offences, which accounted for 54 incidents.
| Crime Type | Count | Crime Rate | Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| Other theft | 60 | 480.46 | -11.76% |
| Violence and sexual offences | 54 | 144.86 | 31.71% |
| Theft from the person | 30 | 130.38 | 3.45% |
| Shoplifting | 16 | 72.43 | 6.67% |
| Public order | 12 | 38.63 | 20.00% |
| Drugs | 6 | 28.97 | -33.33% |
| Anti-social behaviour | 5 | 14.49 | -28.57% |
| Bicycle theft | 4 | 12.07 | -20.00% |
| Criminal damage and arson | 4 | 9.66 | 0.00% |
| Burglary | 3 | 9.66 | -40.00% |
| Robbery | 2 | 7.24 | -33.33% |
| Vehicle crime | 2 | 4.83 | 0.00% |
| Possession of weapons | 1 | 4.83 | 0.00% |
In November 2023, Other theft recorded the highest number of incidents, totaling 68 followed closely by Violence and sexual offences, which accounted for 41 incidents.
| Crime Type | Count | Crime Rate | Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| Other theft | 68 | 482.87 | -15.00% |
| Violence and sexual offences | 41 | 164.18 | 86.36% |
| Theft from the person | 29 | 98.99 | 52.63% |
| Shoplifting | 15 | 70.02 | -28.57% |
| Public order | 10 | 36.22 | -9.09% |
| Drugs | 9 | 24.14 | 12.50% |
| Anti-social behaviour | 7 | 21.73 | 75.00% |
| Burglary | 5 | 16.90 | 66.67% |
| Bicycle theft | 5 | 12.07 | -16.67% |
| Criminal damage and arson | 4 | 12.07 | -60.00% |
| Robbery | 3 | 9.66 | -50.00% |
| Vehicle crime | 2 | 7.24 | 100.00% |
| Other crime | 2 | 4.83 | 0.00% |
In October 2023, Other theft recorded the highest number of incidents, totaling 80 followed closely by Violence and sexual offences, which accounted for 22 incidents.
| Crime Type | Count | Crime Rate | Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| Other theft | 80 | 463.56 | 50.94% |
| Violence and sexual offences | 22 | 193.15 | -8.33% |
| Shoplifting | 21 | 53.12 | -12.50% |
| Theft from the person | 19 | 50.70 | -26.92% |
| Public order | 11 | 45.87 | 83.33% |
| Criminal damage and arson | 10 | 26.56 | 100.00% |
| Drugs | 8 | 24.14 | 100.00% |
| Bicycle theft | 6 | 19.31 | 100.00% |
| Robbery | 6 | 14.49 | 20.00% |
| Anti-social behaviour | 4 | 14.49 | 0.00% |
| Burglary | 3 | 9.66 | -50.00% |
| Vehicle crime | 1 | 7.24 | -80.00% |
| Possession of weapons | 1 | 2.41 | -66.67% |
In September 2023, Other theft recorded the highest number of incidents, totaling 53 followed closely by Theft from the person, which accounted for 26 incidents.
| Crime Type | Count | Crime Rate | Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| Other theft | 53 | 410.44 | -3.64% |
| Theft from the person | 26 | 127.96 | -7.14% |
| Violence and sexual offences | 24 | 62.77 | -22.58% |
| Shoplifting | 24 | 57.94 | 26.32% |
| Burglary | 6 | 57.94 | -25.00% |
| Public order | 6 | 14.49 | -53.85% |
| Robbery | 5 | 14.49 | 0.00% |
| Vehicle crime | 5 | 12.07 | 66.67% |
| Criminal damage and arson | 5 | 12.07 | 0.00% |
| Drugs | 4 | 12.07 | -20.00% |
| Anti-social behaviour | 4 | 9.66 | 300.00% |
| Bicycle theft | 3 | 9.66 | -40.00% |
| Possession of weapons | 3 | 7.24 | 200.00% |
| Other crime | 2 | 7.24 | 0.00% |
In August 2023, Other theft recorded the highest number of incidents, totaling 55 followed closely by Violence and sexual offences, which accounted for 31 incidents.
| Crime Type | Count | Crime Rate | Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| Other theft | 55 | 432.17 | -16.67% |
| Violence and sexual offences | 31 | 132.79 | 6.90% |
| Theft from the person | 28 | 74.85 | -30.00% |
| Shoplifting | 19 | 67.60 | 5.56% |
| Public order | 13 | 45.87 | 44.44% |
| Burglary | 8 | 31.39 | 0.00% |
| Bicycle theft | 5 | 19.31 | -28.57% |
| Criminal damage and arson | 5 | 12.07 | -50.00% |
| Robbery | 5 | 12.07 | 66.67% |
| Drugs | 5 | 12.07 | -37.50% |
| Vehicle crime | 3 | 12.07 | 0.00% |
| Anti-social behaviour | 1 | 7.24 | -75.00% |
| Possession of weapons | 1 | 2.41 | 0.00% |
In July 2023, Other theft recorded the highest number of incidents, totaling 66 followed closely by Theft from the person, which accounted for 40 incidents.
| Crime Type | Count | Crime Rate | Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| Other theft | 66 | 499.77 | 0.00% |
| Theft from the person | 40 | 159.35 | 0.00% |
| Violence and sexual offences | 29 | 96.57 | 0.00% |
| Shoplifting | 18 | 70.02 | 0.00% |
| Criminal damage and arson | 10 | 43.46 | 0.00% |
| Public order | 9 | 24.14 | 0.00% |
| Burglary | 8 | 21.73 | 0.00% |
| Drugs | 8 | 19.31 | 0.00% |
| Bicycle theft | 7 | 19.31 | 0.00% |
| Anti-social behaviour | 4 | 16.90 | 0.00% |
| Vehicle crime | 3 | 9.66 | 0.00% |
| Robbery | 3 | 7.24 | 0.00% |
| Possession of weapons | 1 | 7.24 | 0.00% |
| Other crime | 1 | 2.41 | 0.00% |
A total of 72 Criminal damage and arson incidents were recorded over 13 month period, averaging 5.54 incidents per month. October 2023 saw the highest number of Criminal damage and arson incidents with 10 reported cases.
| Month | Count |
|---|---|
| July 2024 | 8 |
| June 2024 | 6 |
| May 2024 | 3 |
| April 2024 | 4 |
| March 2024 | 5 |
| February 2024 | 5 |
| January 2024 | 3 |
| December 2023 | 4 |
| November 2023 | 4 |
| October 2023 | 10 |
| September 2023 | 5 |
| August 2023 | 5 |
| July 2023 | 10 |
A total of 357 Violence and sexual offences incidents were recorded over 13 month period, averaging 27.46 incidents per month. December 2023 saw the highest number of Violence and sexual offences incidents with 54 reported cases.
| Month | Count |
|---|---|
| July 2024 | 32 |
| June 2024 | 20 |
| May 2024 | 20 |
| April 2024 | 28 |
| March 2024 | 22 |
| February 2024 | 21 |
| January 2024 | 13 |
| December 2023 | 54 |
| November 2023 | 41 |
| October 2023 | 22 |
| September 2023 | 24 |
| August 2023 | 31 |
| July 2023 | 29 |
A total of 51 Bicycle theft incidents were recorded over 13 month period, averaging 3.92 incidents per month. July 2023 saw the highest number of Bicycle theft incidents with 7 reported cases.
| Month | Count |
|---|---|
| July 2024 | 1 |
| June 2024 | 3 |
| May 2024 | 5 |
| April 2024 | 5 |
| March 2024 | 1 |
| February 2024 | 3 |
| January 2024 | 3 |
| December 2023 | 4 |
| November 2023 | 5 |
| October 2023 | 6 |
| September 2023 | 3 |
| August 2023 | 5 |
| July 2023 | 7 |
A total of 95 Anti-social behaviour incidents were recorded over 13 month period, averaging 7.31 incidents per month. May 2024 saw the highest number of Anti-social behaviour incidents with 21 reported cases.
| Month | Count |
|---|---|
| July 2024 | 4 |
| June 2024 | 10 |
| May 2024 | 21 |
| April 2024 | 15 |
| March 2024 | 11 |
| February 2024 | 7 |
| January 2024 | 2 |
| December 2023 | 5 |
| November 2023 | 7 |
| October 2023 | 4 |
| September 2023 | 4 |
| August 2023 | 1 |
| July 2023 | 4 |
A total of 265 Shoplifting incidents were recorded over 13 month period, averaging 20.38 incidents per month. January 2024 saw the highest number of Shoplifting incidents with 33 reported cases.
| Month | Count |
|---|---|
| July 2024 | 23 |
| June 2024 | 20 |
| May 2024 | 19 |
| April 2024 | 23 |
| March 2024 | 9 |
| February 2024 | 25 |
| January 2024 | 33 |
| December 2023 | 16 |
| November 2023 | 15 |
| October 2023 | 21 |
| September 2023 | 24 |
| August 2023 | 19 |
| July 2023 | 18 |
A total of 315 Theft from the person incidents were recorded over 13 month period, averaging 24.23 incidents per month. July 2023 saw the highest number of Theft from the person incidents with 40 reported cases.
| Month | Count |
|---|---|
| July 2024 | 16 |
| June 2024 | 12 |
| May 2024 | 30 |
| April 2024 | 31 |
| March 2024 | 15 |
| February 2024 | 26 |
| January 2024 | 13 |
| December 2023 | 30 |
| November 2023 | 29 |
| October 2023 | 19 |
| September 2023 | 26 |
| August 2023 | 28 |
| July 2023 | 40 |
A total of 655 Other theft incidents were recorded over 13 month period, averaging 50.38 incidents per month. October 2023 saw the highest number of Other theft incidents with 80 reported cases.
| Month | Count |
|---|---|
| July 2024 | 32 |
| June 2024 | 46 |
| May 2024 | 37 |
| April 2024 | 40 |
| March 2024 | 40 |
| February 2024 | 46 |
| January 2024 | 32 |
| December 2023 | 60 |
| November 2023 | 68 |
| October 2023 | 80 |
| September 2023 | 53 |
| August 2023 | 55 |
| July 2023 | 66 |
A total of 128 Public order incidents were recorded over 13 month period, averaging 9.85 incidents per month. May 2024 saw the highest number of Public order incidents with 16 reported cases.
| Month | Count |
|---|---|
| July 2024 | 9 |
| June 2024 | 7 |
| May 2024 | 16 |
| April 2024 | 14 |
| March 2024 | 9 |
| February 2024 | 7 |
| January 2024 | 5 |
| December 2023 | 12 |
| November 2023 | 10 |
| October 2023 | 11 |
| September 2023 | 6 |
| August 2023 | 13 |
| July 2023 | 9 |
A total of 44 Robbery incidents were recorded over 13 month period, averaging 3.38 incidents per month. October 2023 saw the highest number of Robbery incidents with 6 reported cases.
| Month | Count |
|---|---|
| July 2024 | 3 |
| June 2024 | 1 |
| May 2024 | 4 |
| April 2024 | 1 |
| March 2024 | 5 |
| February 2024 | 2 |
| January 2024 | 4 |
| December 2023 | 2 |
| November 2023 | 3 |
| October 2023 | 6 |
| September 2023 | 5 |
| August 2023 | 5 |
| July 2023 | 3 |
A total of 34 Vehicle crime incidents were recorded over 13 month period, averaging 2.62 incidents per month. September 2023 saw the highest number of Vehicle crime incidents with 5 reported cases.
| Month | Count |
|---|---|
| July 2024 | 3 |
| June 2024 | 3 |
| May 2024 | 4 |
| April 2024 | 2 |
| March 2024 | 2 |
| February 2024 | 1 |
| January 2024 | 3 |
| December 2023 | 2 |
| November 2023 | 2 |
| October 2023 | 1 |
| September 2023 | 5 |
| August 2023 | 3 |
| July 2023 | 3 |
A total of 70 Burglary incidents were recorded over 13 month period, averaging 5.38 incidents per month. August 2023 saw the highest number of Burglary incidents with 8 reported cases.
| Month | Count |
|---|---|
| July 2024 | 7 |
| June 2024 | 4 |
| May 2024 | 5 |
| April 2024 | 1 |
| March 2024 | 7 |
| February 2024 | 7 |
| January 2024 | 6 |
| December 2023 | 3 |
| November 2023 | 5 |
| October 2023 | 3 |
| September 2023 | 6 |
| August 2023 | 8 |
| July 2023 | 8 |
A total of 91 Drugs incidents were recorded over 13 month period, averaging 7.00 incidents per month. May 2024 saw the highest number of Drugs incidents with 12 reported cases.
| Month | Count |
|---|---|
| July 2024 | 4 |
| June 2024 | 6 |
| May 2024 | 12 |
| April 2024 | 9 |
| March 2024 | 4 |
| February 2024 | 8 |
| January 2024 | 8 |
| December 2023 | 6 |
| November 2023 | 9 |
| October 2023 | 8 |
| September 2023 | 4 |
| August 2023 | 5 |
| July 2023 | 8 |
A total of 10 Possession of weapons incidents were recorded over 13 month period, averaging 1.43 incidents per month. September 2023 saw the highest number of Possession of weapons incidents with 3 reported cases.
| Month | Count |
|---|---|
| May 2024 | 2 |
| February 2024 | 1 |
| December 2023 | 1 |
| October 2023 | 1 |
| September 2023 | 3 |
| August 2023 | 1 |
| July 2023 | 1 |
A total of 9 Other crime incidents were recorded over 13 month period, averaging 1.80 incidents per month. February 2024 saw the highest number of Other crime incidents with 2 reported cases.
| Month | Count |
|---|---|
| February 2024 | 2 |
| January 2024 | 2 |
| November 2023 | 2 |
| September 2023 | 2 |
| July 2023 | 1 |
A detailed breakdown of crime incidents by location within the EC3N 4AL postcode area is presented below.
| Total | 13 |
| Other theft | 6 |
| Violence and sexual offences | 3 |
| Shoplifting | 2 |
| Burglary | 1 |
| Vehicle crime | 1 |
| Total | 13 |
| Shoplifting | 4 |
| Violence and sexual offences | 3 |
| Drugs | 2 |
| Other theft | 2 |
| Burglary | 1 |
| Theft from the person | 1 |
| Total | 12 |
| Shoplifting | 5 |
| Other theft | 2 |
| Burglary | 1 |
| Drugs | 1 |
| Robbery | 1 |
| Theft from the person | 1 |
| Violence and sexual offences | 1 |
| Total | 9 |
| Other theft | 3 |
| Shoplifting | 2 |
| Theft from the person | 2 |
| Burglary | 1 |
| Public order | 1 |
| Total | 9 |
| Public order | 3 |
| Violence and sexual offences | 3 |
| Anti-social behaviour | 2 |
| Theft from the person | 1 |
| Total | 8 |
| Other theft | 2 |
| Shoplifting | 2 |
| Theft from the person | 2 |
| Violence and sexual offences | 2 |
| Total | 8 |
| Other theft | 4 |
| Theft from the person | 3 |
| Violence and sexual offences | 1 |
| Total | 7 |
| Public order | 2 |
| Violence and sexual offences | 2 |
| Criminal damage and arson | 1 |
| Other theft | 1 |
| Theft from the person | 1 |
| Total | 6 |
| Theft from the person | 2 |
| Violence and sexual offences | 2 |
| Other theft | 1 |
| Public order | 1 |
| Total | 6 |
| Shoplifting | 5 |
| Other theft | 1 |
| Total | 5 |
| Criminal damage and arson | 1 |
| Other theft | 1 |
| Public order | 1 |
| Robbery | 1 |
| Violence and sexual offences | 1 |
| Total | 5 |
| Violence and sexual offences | 2 |
| Anti-social behaviour | 1 |
| Burglary | 1 |
| Other theft | 1 |
| Total | 5 |
| Theft from the person | 2 |
| Criminal damage and arson | 1 |
| Public order | 1 |
| Violence and sexual offences | 1 |
| Total | 4 |
| Shoplifting | 3 |
| Theft from the person | 1 |
| Total | 4 |
| Violence and sexual offences | 3 |
| Other theft | 1 |
| Total | 4 |
| Other theft | 3 |
| Robbery | 1 |
| Total | 3 |
| Criminal damage and arson | 2 |
| Anti-social behaviour | 1 |
| Total | 2 |
| Criminal damage and arson | 1 |
| Violence and sexual offences | 1 |
| Total | 2 |
| Violence and sexual offences | 2 |
| Total | 2 |
| Criminal damage and arson | 1 |
| Vehicle crime | 1 |
| Total | 2 |
| Burglary | 1 |
| Violence and sexual offences | 1 |
| Total | 2 |
| Burglary | 1 |
| Criminal damage and arson | 1 |
| Total | 2 |
| Other theft | 1 |
| Violence and sexual offences | 1 |
| Total | 1 |
| Bicycle theft | 1 |
| Total | 1 |
| Other theft | 1 |
| Total | 1 |
| Violence and sexual offences | 1 |
| Total | 1 |
| Vehicle crime | 1 |
| Total | 1 |
| Other theft | 1 |
| Total | 1 |
| Drugs | 1 |
| Total | 1 |
| Violence and sexual offences | 1 |