Housing Market Analysis for ELLESMERE PLACE, KT12 5AE

Are you looking to understand KT12 5AE house prices? Here, we provide a detailed analysis of the latest sold house prices, trends over the years, and key statistics to help you gauge the real estate landscape in this Elmbridge postcode.

For the location information and nearby amenities in the KT12 5AE area, explore the KT12 5AE Area information page.
For comprehensive crime statistics in the KT12 5AE area, explore the KT12 5AE Crime Rates page.

Overview of Sold House prices

As per the latest sold houses in the KT12 5AE postcode area, The average prices are as follows,

  • Flat
    • The average price is around £327,996 median price is £310,000 Standard Deviation is £137,200 with Total Sold: 82
    • The Last 5 Year average price is £450,200 with Total Sold: 10
    • The most recent sale happened at this postcode is 45 ELLESMERE PLACE: £575,000 (Sold on 28 Jun 2022)
    • The first recorded sale happened at this postcode is 51 ELLESMERE PLACE: £222,500 (Sold on 11 Dec 1998)
  • Terraced
    • The average price is around £583,917 median price is £561,000 Standard Deviation is £234,034 with Total Sold: 24
    • The Last 5 Year average price is £960,000 with Total Sold: 5
    • The most recent sale happened at this postcode is 17 ELLESMERE PLACE: £900,000 (Sold on 24 Feb 2023)
    • The first recorded sale happened at this postcode is 15 ELLESMERE PLACE: £980,000 (Sold on 09 Jan 2024)
  • Detached
    • The average price is around £628,732 median price is £615,000 Standard Deviation is £274,992 with Total Sold: 45
    • The Last 5 Year average price is £1,110,667 with Total Sold: 3
    • The most recent sale happened at this postcode is 55 ELLESMERE PLACE: £1,660,000 (Sold on 20 Jul 2022)
    • The first recorded sale happened at this postcode is 9 ELLESMERE PLACE: £960,000 (Sold on 12 Dec 2023)
  • Semi-Detached
    • The average price is around £631,000 median price is £675,000 Standard Deviation is £190,457 with Total Sold: 5
    • The most recent sale happened at this postcode is 10 ELLESMERE PLACE: £910,000 (Sold on 19 Nov 2015)
    • The first recorded sale happened at this postcode is 7 ELLESMERE PLACE: £335,000 (Sold on 27 Oct 1998)

Sold Price Trend Over the Years:

Below table and chart gives the average KT12 5AE house prices and number of sold houses over the years. This helps understand the price trend over the years in this postcode.

Please note that this data is populated based on the sold houses data given by the Land Registry.

House Type: Flat
YearAvg. PriceAvg. Price/Sq. mtrSold
2022£471,667 £4,183 3
2023£328,333 £4,916 3
2021£564,000 £4,694 3
2020£410,000 £4,249 1
2018£550,000 £3,438 1
2015£591,500 £5,092 2
2013£599,950 £4,053 1
2012£248,750 £3,622 1
2011£447,500 £3,514 2
2010£329,500 £4,194 4
2009£385,000 £2,406 1
2008£599,975 £3,371 2
2007£368,125 £4,164 4
2006£341,333 £4,002 3
2005£280,750 £2,996 6
2004£350,000 £3,017 1
2003£254,333 £3,283 6
2002£357,250 £3,291 2
2001£258,333 £3,177 3
2000£342,500 £2,277 6
1999£233,402 £2,385 25
1998£288,750 £2,205 2
House Type: Terraced
YearAvg. PriceAvg. Price/Sq. mtrSold
2023£930,000 £5,694 2
2019£785,000 £4,564 1
2018£395,000 £4,247 1
2009£611,667 £3,796 3
2007£680,000 £4,769 1
2006£607,500 £4,227 2
2004£538,500 £3,194 2
2003£470,000 £3,032 1
2000£360,0001
1999£363,250 £2,261 6
1998£217,500 £2,339 1
2024£980,000 £5,116 3
House Type: Detached
YearAvg. PriceAvg. Price/Sq. mtrSold
2022£1,660,000 £4,955 1
2020£712,000 £4,918 1
2018£761,000 £5,040 1
2014£1,330,000 £5,411 1
2013£1,020,0001
2011£775,000 £6,239 1
2010£620,000 £4,283 1
2009£630,0001
2007£804,600 £4,532 5
2006£522,000 £3,457 1
2005£632,5002
2004£510,000 £3,629 2
2003£612,500 £3,051 2
2002£625,000 £2,854 2
2001£650,000 £2,797 3
2000£345,000 £2,383 1
1999£460,309 £2,424 16
1998£430,0002
2023£960,000 £5,890 1
House Type: Semi-Detached
YearAvg. PriceAvg. Price/Sq. mtrSold
2015£910,000 £5,000 1
2007£687,500 £4,575 2
2002£535,000 £3,497 1
1998£335,000 £2,190 1

All the Sales in the ELLESMERE PLACE, KT12 5AE

See the table below for more details on the sold house prices in the KT12 5AE, Elmbridge postcode.

AddressSold DatePrice% Change
45 ELLESMERE PLACEFlat, LeaseholdArea: 160 Sq.mtrAge: 1900-192928 Jun 2022£575,0004.55%
04 Jul 2018£550,00042.86%
11 Dec 2009£385,00018.46%
30 Sep 2005£325,00021.72%
21 Apr 2005£267,000-21.47%
15 Sep 2000£340,00025.95%
18 Jun 1999£269,950First Sale
44 ELLESMERE PLACEFlat, Leasehold26 Oct 2022£420,0000.0
26 Oct 2022£420,00025.37%
21 Feb 2007£335,0006.35%
29 Mar 2005£315,00012.50%
27 Jul 2001£280,00030.23%
19 May 1999£215,000First Sale
17 ELLESMERE PLACETerraced, FreeholdArea: 155 Sq.mtrAge: 1996-200224 Feb 2023£900,00091.49%
28 Feb 2003£470,00040.30%
13 Aug 1999£335,000First Sale
36 ELLESMERE PLACEFlat, LeaseholdArea: 59 Sq.mtrAge: 1900-192901 Dec 2023£305,0005.17%
19 Feb 2021£290,00016.00%
05 Jan 2007£250,00010.62%
14 Oct 2003£226,0002.96%
20 May 2002£219,50054.04%
01 Jul 1999£142,500First Sale
40 ELLESMERE PLACEFlat, LeaseholdArea: 71 Sq.mtrAge: before 190022 Sep 2023£340,0000.0
22 Sep 2023£340,0007.94%
09 Nov 2007£315,00085.29%
16 Aug 1999£170,000First Sale
21 ELLESMERE PLACETerraced, FreeholdArea: 172 Sq.mtrAge: 1996-200206 Jan 2023£960,00022.29%
29 Apr 2019£785,000127.54%
20 Dec 1999£345,000First Sale
55 ELLESMERE PLACEDetached, FreeholdArea: 335 Sq.mtrAge: 1996-200220 Jul 2022£1,660,000137.14%
26 Mar 1999£700,000First Sale
25 ELLESMERE PLACEFlat, LeaseholdArea: 198 Sq.mtrAge: 1996-200228 Jun 2021£695,00082.89%
23 Dec 1999£380,000First Sale
49 ELLESMERE PLACEFlat, LeaseholdArea: 125 Sq.mtrAge: 1996-200205 Feb 2021£707,00096.39%
30 Jun 1999£360,000First Sale
24 ELLESMERE PLACEFlat, LeaseholdArea: 96.5 Sq.mtrAge: 1996-200210 Dec 2020£410,00018.84%
01 Mar 2011£345,00038.00%
12 Aug 1999£250,00013.38%
16 Jun 1999£220,500First Sale
19 ELLESMERE PLACEDetached, FreeholdArea: 144.77 Sq.mtrAge: 1991-199516 Sep 2020£712,00014.84%
14 Jul 2010£620,00047.62%
27 Feb 2004£420,00021.74%
14 Feb 2000£345,000First Sale
48 ELLESMERE PLACETerraced, LeaseholdArea: 93 Sq.mtrAge: before 190028 Jun 2018£395,00081.61%
27 Nov 1998£217,500First Sale
16 ELLESMERE PLACEDetached, FreeholdArea: 151 Sq.mtrAge: 1991-199504 May 2018£761,00045.79%
15 Dec 2006£522,00051.30%
12 Nov 1999£345,000First Sale
10 ELLESMERE PLACESemi-Detached, FreeholdArea: 182 Sq.mtrAge: 1996-200219 Nov 2015£910,00082.00%
14 Dec 2004£500,00025.16%
20 Jul 1999£399,500First Sale
39 ELLESMERE PLACEFlat, LeaseholdArea: 80.8 Sq.mtrAge: before 190006 Oct 2015£460,00041.54%
06 Aug 2010£325,0001.56%
31 Mar 2006£320,00048.84%
25 Aug 1999£215,000First Sale
50 ELLESMERE PLACEFlat, LeaseholdArea: 161 Sq.mtrAge: 1996-200202 Jun 2015£723,000103.66%
11 Dec 1998£355,000First Sale
56 ELLESMERE PLACEDetached, FreeholdArea: 245.81 Sq.mtrAge: 1996-200231 Oct 2014£1,330,00077.33%
14 Oct 2003£750,00011.94%
02 Aug 1999£670,000First Sale
58 ELLESMERE PLACEDetached, Freehold06 Dec 2013£1,020,00094.29%
20 Aug 1999£525,000First Sale
46 ELLESMERE PLACEFlat, LeaseholdArea: 148.02 Sq.mtrAge: 1900-192925 Oct 2013£599,95057.88%
04 Sep 2000£380,00024.59%
28 Jan 2000£305,000First Sale
35 ELLESMERE PLACEFlat, LeaseholdArea: 68.68 Sq.mtrAge: 1996-200214 Jun 2012£248,75045.04%
10 Oct 2003£171,500-20.23%
19 Oct 2001£215,00053.63%
25 Jun 1999£139,950First Sale
11 ELLESMERE PLACEDetached, FreeholdArea: 124.22 Sq.mtrAge: 1996-200221 Sep 2011£775,0008.39%
21 Jun 2007£715,00019.17%
07 May 2004£600,00048.15%
21 May 1999£405,000First Sale
31 ELLESMERE PLACEFlat, LeaseholdArea: 159.25 Sq.mtrAge: 1900-192913 Apr 2011£550,00011.11%
19 Jul 2002£495,00032.00%
28 Jan 2000£375,000First Sale
42 ELLESMERE PLACEFlat, LeaseholdArea: 55 Sq.mtrAge: before 190006 Oct 2010£245,00015.57%
19 May 2006£212,0009.28%
15 Aug 2003£194,00029.33%
01 Jun 1999£150,000First Sale
41 ELLESMERE PLACEFlat, LeaseholdArea: 90.26 Sq.mtrAge: 1991-199520 Sep 2010£410,00082.22%
26 Aug 1999£225,000First Sale
28 ELLESMERE PLACEFlat, LeaseholdArea: 90 Sq.mtrAge: 1900-192917 Sep 2010£338,00014.58%
24 Jun 2005£295,00025.53%
28 May 1999£235,000First Sale
2 ELLESMERE PLACEDetached, Freehold06 Nov 2009£630,00085.29%
29 Oct 1999£340,000First Sale
15 ELLESMERE PLACETerraced, FreeholdArea: 191.56 Sq.mtrAge: 1996-200230 Oct 2009£590,00061.64%
27 Oct 1999£365,000-62.76%
09 Jan 2024£980,0000.0
09 Jan 2024£980,0000.0
09 Jan 2024£980,000First Sale
4 ELLESMERE PLACETerraced, FreeholdArea: 142.6 Sq.mtrAge: 1996-200208 Oct 2009£645,000-5.15%
30 Mar 2007£680,00063.86%
11 Oct 1999£415,000First Sale
3 ELLESMERE PLACETerraced, FreeholdArea: 158.5 Sq.mtrAge: 1996-200223 Jul 2009£600,000-10.45%
11 Jul 2006£670,00016.12%
19 Apr 2004£577,00035.76%
30 Sep 1999£425,000First Sale
52 ELLESMERE PLACEFlat, LeaseholdArea: 178 Sq.mtrAge: 1996-200215 Aug 2008£599,95041.16%
30 Apr 1999£425,000First Sale
27 ELLESMERE PLACEFlat, Leasehold25 Feb 2008£600,00064.38%
16 Oct 2003£365,00010.61%
21 Mar 2000£330,000First Sale
9 ELLESMERE PLACEDetached, FreeholdArea: 163 Sq.mtrAge: 1996-200220 Aug 2007£675,00032.35%
18 May 2001£510,00027.50%
12 May 1999£400,000-58.33%
12 Dec 2023£960,000First Sale
12 ELLESMERE PLACEDetached, Freehold31 Jul 2007£625,00031.58%
17 Jan 2003£475,00031.94%
21 May 1999£360,000First Sale
6 ELLESMERE PLACEDetached, FreeholdArea: 292 Sq.mtrAge: 1991-199516 Jul 2007£1,080,00080.02%
05 Nov 1999£599,950First Sale
8 ELLESMERE PLACESemi-Detached, Freehold13 Jul 2007£675,00073.08%
24 Mar 2005£390,00032.20%
25 Feb 1999£295,00020.41%
21 Dec 1998£245,000First Sale
1 ELLESMERE PLACEDetached, Freehold22 Mar 2007£928,000First Sale
7 ELLESMERE PLACESemi-Detached, FreeholdArea: 153 Sq.mtrAge: 1996-200208 Feb 2007£700,00030.84%
28 Jun 2002£535,00059.70%
27 Oct 1998£335,000First Sale
47 ELLESMERE PLACEFlat, Leasehold06 Feb 2007£572,50037.95%
18 Jun 1999£415,000First Sale
14 ELLESMERE PLACETerraced, Freehold27 Jul 2006£545,00062.69%
26 Jul 1999£335,000First Sale
32 ELLESMERE PLACEFlat, Leasehold23 Mar 2006£492,00051.38%
25 Feb 2000£325,000First Sale
57 ELLESMERE PLACEDetached, Freehold15 Nov 2005£875,00010.76%
12 Jul 2001£790,00028.46%
12 Aug 1998£615,000First Sale
38 ELLESMERE PLACEFlat, LeaseholdArea: 74 Sq.mtrAge: before 190027 Jul 2005£275,00066.67%
30 Jul 1999£165,000First Sale
30 ELLESMERE PLACEFlat, LeaseholdArea: 56 Sq.mtrAge: before 190008 Jul 2005£207,50066.07%
21 Jun 1999£124,950First Sale
33 ELLESMERE PLACEFlat, LeaseholdArea: 116 Sq.mtrAge: before 190030 Jan 2004£350,00030.99%
11 Jun 1999£267,200First Sale
34 ELLESMERE PLACEFlat, LeaseholdArea: 91.37 Sq.mtrAge: 1996-200210 Oct 2003£249,50031.32%
09 Jul 1999£190,000First Sale
29 ELLESMERE PLACEFlat, LeaseholdArea: 84 Sq.mtrAge: 1900-192917 Jan 2003£320,00052.38%
14 May 1999£210,000First Sale
22 ELLESMERE PLACEDetached, FreeholdArea: 171.5 Sq.mtrAge: 1996-200205 Dec 2002£475,00020.25%
16 Apr 1999£395,000First Sale
54 ELLESMERE PLACEDetached, FreeholdArea: 263.75 Sq.mtrAge: 1996-200230 Apr 2002£775,00019.23%
24 May 2001£650,0003.17%
22 Feb 1999£630,000First Sale
51 ELLESMERE PLACEFlat, Leasehold03 Jan 2001£280,00025.84%
11 Dec 1998£222,500First Sale
18 ELLESMERE PLACETerraced, Freehold15 Mar 2000£360,000First Sale
20 ELLESMERE PLACEDetached, FreeholdArea: 157 Sq.mtrAge: 1996-200203 Nov 1999£360,000First Sale
5 ELLESMERE PLACEDetached, Freehold20 Oct 1999£350,000First Sale
37 ELLESMERE PLACEFlat, Leasehold25 Aug 1999£175,00016.67%
30 Jul 1999£150,000First Sale
26 ELLESMERE PLACEFlat, Leasehold03 Aug 1999£220,000First Sale
53 ELLESMERE PLACEDetached, Freehold26 May 1999£550,000First Sale
43 ELLESMERE PLACEFlat, LeaseholdArea: 78 Sq.mtrAge: 1991-199514 May 1999£220,000First Sale
23 ELLESMERE PLACEFlat, Leasehold08 Mar 1999£300,000First Sale

Check out the sold house prices near the KT12 5AE postcode. Properties currently for saleProperties currently for rent

ELLESMERE PLACE, KT12 5AE Near By properties

Interactive Map

This Interactive map can help you visualize the nearby sold house in the KT12 5AE postcode area

Nearby Sold House Price Statstics

Knowing the nearby sold house in the area helps gauge the property market in the area. Below data gives house price Statstics of the surrounding area of the KT12 5AE postcode.

  • Semi-Detached
    • The average price is around £543,162 median price is £466,000 Standard Deviation is £375,312 with Total Sold: 156
    • The Last 5 Year average price is £1,000,960 with Total Sold: 24
    • The most recent sale happened at this postcode is , 65 ST MARYS ROAD: £400,000 (Sold on 30 Aug 2024)
    • The first recorded sale happened at this postcode is , 12 FOX CLOSE: £188,500 (Sold on 19 Jul 1995)
  • Terraced
    • The average price is around £510,860 median price is £455,000 Standard Deviation is £340,562 with Total Sold: 207
    • The Last 5 Year average price is £740,798 with Total Sold: 31
    • The most recent sale happened at this postcode is , 71 ST MARYS ROAD: £725,000 (Sold on 19 Aug 2024)
    • The first recorded sale happened at this postcode is , 2 OLD SCHOOL MEWS: £110,000 (Sold on 27 Jan 1995)
  • Detached
    • The average price is around £1,080,155 median price is £835,000 Standard Deviation is £822,622 with Total Sold: 548
    • The Last 5 Year average price is £1,771,608 with Total Sold: 71
    • The most recent sale happened at this postcode is , 65 WOODLAND GROVE: £950,000 (Sold on 09 Aug 2024)
    • The first recorded sale happened at this postcode is , 8 CRANLEY ROAD: £622,500 (Sold on 31 Jan 1995)
  • Flat
    • The average price is around £316,673 median price is £280,000 Standard Deviation is £368,891 with Total Sold: 634
    • The Last 5 Year average price is £400,325 with Total Sold: 75
    • The most recent sale happened at this postcode is FLAT 6, CLEVE PLACE BRIDGEWATER ROAD: £480,000 (Sold on 23 Jul 2024)
    • The first recorded sale happened at this postcode is , 3 BROCKLEY COMBE: £64,000 (Sold on 10 Feb 1995)
  • Other
    • The average price is around £22,499,829 median price is £950,000 Standard Deviation is £27,831,077 with Total Sold: 5
    • The Last 5 Year average price is £33,430,842 with Total Sold: 2
    • The most recent sale happened at this postcode is 14, QUEENS COURT ELLESMERE ROAD: £358,000 (Sold on 08 Dec 2023)
    • The first recorded sale happened at this postcode is , SUNRISE OF WEYBRIDGE ELLESMERE ROAD: £44,500,000 (Sold on 01 Aug 2014)

Sold Price Trend Over the Years:

House Type: Semi-Detached
YearAvg. PriceAvg. Price/Sq. mtrSold
2024£810,267 £7,945 3
2023£844,000 £7,012 5
2022£1,822,500 £5,328 2
2021£911,139 £6,793 9
2020£1,105,400 £6,186 5
2019£837,500 £7,245 2
2018£565,000 £8,269 3
2017£1,057,900 £4,827 5
2016£1,275,000 £5,321 4
2015£936,667 £5,394 3
2014£800,000 £7,527 2
2013£667,500 £5,094 4
2012£520,500 £5,708 7
2011£450,000 £4,808 4
2010£465,562 £4,100 8
2009£500,250 £4,501 8
2008£343,571 £3,096 7
2007£475,890 £3,964 10
2006£368,333 £3,467 3
2005£515,938 £3,526 4
2004£421,494 £3,075 8
2003£326,106 £2,916 9
2002£352,500 £3,381 7
2001£223,857 £2,374 7
2000£240,000 £2,584 2
1999£342,416 £1,925 6
1998£254,250 £1,843 4
1997£198,738 £1,518 4
1996£127,900 £953 7
1995£196,250 £1,156 4
House Type: Terraced
YearAvg. PriceAvg. Price/Sq. mtrSold
2024£754,000 £5,116 5
2023£906,667 £8,425 6
2022£493,500 £6,860 2
2021£783,210 £6,014 13
2020£517,200 £4,511 5
2019£927,778 £8,523 9
2018£1,033,750 £5,723 8
2017£511,250 £5,557 4
2016£498,750 £6,245 4
2015£813,864 £5,728 11
2014£511,500 £5,248 4
2013£451,300 £4,648 7
2012£721,250 £4,542 4
2011£488,885 £4,467 13
2010£583,750 £4,212 2
2009£600,000 £3,869 8
2008£493,500 £3,676 2
2007£504,994 £4,631 8
2006£433,333 £3,619 9
2005£537,423 £3,741 13
2004£422,667 £3,604 9
2003£347,602 £3,182 10
2002£489,975 £2,471 2
2001£207,500 £2,414 2
2000£216,136 £2,335 7
1999£243,930 £2,080 15
1998£148,429 £1,893 7
1997£107,667 £1,624 6
1996£102,169 £1,174 8
1995£123,738 £1,488 4
House Type: Detached
YearAvg. PriceAvg. Price/Sq. mtrSold
2024£2,197,5004
2023£2,081,750 £7,150 12
2022£1,473,900 £6,840 15
2021£1,874,665 £7,474 28
2020£1,451,172 £5,529 12
2019£2,176,036 £7,597 14
2018£1,560,028 £6,177 18
2017£1,363,795 £6,010 16
2016£1,387,000 £5,608 15
2015£2,104,724 £5,557 16
2014£2,023,453 £6,987 15
2013£1,258,623 £5,142 22
2012£1,152,577 £5,384 13
2011£918,468 £4,454 17
2010£1,257,483 £4,274 23
2009£976,000 £3,938 15
2008£947,500 £3,660 12
2007£1,095,769 £4,969 18
2006£890,647 £3,339 29
2005£903,148 £2,825 20
2004£738,325 £3,092 20
2003£773,692 £2,766 19
2002£847,350 £3,057 24
2001£772,500 £2,495 18
2000£616,173 £2,287 26
1999£462,429 £2,158 35
1998£478,603 £1,705 20
1997£428,471 £1,456 19
1996£303,321 £1,496 17
1995£332,812 £1,033 16
House Type: Flat
YearAvg. PriceAvg. Price/Sq. mtrSold
2024£418,000 £5,357 5
2023£395,186 £5,323 22
2022£462,038 £5,110 13
2021£390,309 £4,448 22
2020£357,462 £4,108 13
2019£369,250 £4,690 16
2018£352,000 £4,492 16
2017£464,188 £5,572 8
2016£1,475,395 £10,749 19
2015£407,645 £4,538 20
2014£373,777 £4,097 35
2013£311,051 £3,644 22
2012£314,297 £3,674 16
2011£325,998 £3,757 20
2010£337,062 £3,881 16
2009£349,139 £3,157 9
2008£307,736 £3,640 15
2007£316,417 £3,906 23
2006£301,325 £3,276 26
2005£245,098 £2,989 20
2004£272,038 £3,205 37
2003£269,501 £3,193 36
2002£275,503 £2,932 36
2001£201,962 £2,565 26
2000£205,382 £2,053 24
1999£175,054 £1,973 46
1998£117,090 £1,481 24
1997£84,995 £1,186 22
1996£77,811 £1,080 14
1995£75,421 £1,022 13
House Type: Other
YearAvg. PriceAvg. Price/Sq. mtrSold
2023£33,430,842 £3,825 2
2018£568,732 £8,261 2
2014£44,500,0001

House Type in KT12 5AE area

The most common house types in the KT12 5AE postcode area are Flat (50), Detached (44), and converted building (20).

Total150
Flat50
Detached44
converted building20
Terraced18
Semi-detached16
Shared house2
commercial building0
temporary structure0

Tenure of household

As per the tenure of household, most of the the properties are Owned: Owns outright (77), and Owned: Owns with a mortgage or loan (44).

Owned: Owns outright77
Owned: Owns with a mortgage or loan44
Private rented: Private landlord or letting agency27
Shared ownership: Shared ownership1
Does not apply0
Social rented: Rents from council or Local Authority0
Social rented: Other social rented0
Private rented: Other private rented0
Lives rent free0

Number of People in a Household

The most houses in the KT12 5AE have 1 person in household (52), and 2 people in household (49).

1 person in household52
2 people in household49
4 people in household24
3 people in household16
5 people in household7
6 people in household2
0 people in household0
7 people in household0
8 or more people in household0