COLLIERGATE, YO1 8BN, York has recorded a total of 364 crimes in the recent period of September 2024, equating to a crime rate of 103.77 per 1,000 population. This YO1 8BN crime rate stands in contrast to the broader YO1 postcode area, which has experienced 571 crimes and a crime rate of 29.62 per 1,000 population (September 2024 stats).
It's important to note that this YO1 8BN crime data is based on a circular area with a 500-meter radius around YO1 8BN, encompassing approximately 3507 residents.
For the location information and nearby amenities in the YO1 8BN area, explore the YO1 8BN Area information page.
To explore detailed house prices and statistics in the YO1 8BN area, visit the YO1 8BN House Prices
The most prevalent crimes in the area during Sep were:
The surrounding areas of below locations have emerged as crime hotspots,
In September 2024, Anti-social behaviour recorded the highest number of incidents, totaling 110 followed closely by Violence and sexual offences, which accounted for 81 incidents.
Crime Type | Count | Crime Rate | Change |
---|---|---|---|
Anti-social behaviour | 110 | 103.77 | 2.80% |
Violence and sexual offences | 81 | 31.36 | 14.08% |
Shoplifting | 72 | 23.09 | -8.86% |
Bicycle theft | 18 | 20.53 | 0.00% |
Burglary | 16 | 5.13 | 100.00% |
Other theft | 15 | 4.56 | 50.00% |
Public order | 15 | 4.28 | -6.25% |
Criminal damage and arson | 14 | 4.28 | 0.00% |
Drugs | 6 | 3.99 | 200.00% |
Vehicle crime | 4 | 1.71 | 100.00% |
Possession of weapons | 4 | 1.14 | 300.00% |
Theft from the person | 3 | 1.14 | -25.00% |
Robbery | 3 | 0.86 | 50.00% |
Other crime | 3 | 0.86 | 0.00% |
In August 2024, Anti-social behaviour recorded the highest number of incidents, totaling 107 followed closely by Shoplifting, which accounted for 79 incidents.
Crime Type | Count | Crime Rate | Change |
---|---|---|---|
Anti-social behaviour | 107 | 95.22 | 4.90% |
Shoplifting | 79 | 30.50 | 8.22% |
Violence and sexual offences | 71 | 22.52 | -17.44% |
Bicycle theft | 18 | 20.24 | -52.63% |
Public order | 16 | 5.13 | -11.11% |
Criminal damage and arson | 14 | 4.56 | 75.00% |
Other theft | 10 | 3.99 | -23.08% |
Burglary | 8 | 2.85 | -27.27% |
Theft from the person | 4 | 2.28 | 33.33% |
Vehicle crime | 2 | 1.14 | 0.00% |
Robbery | 2 | 0.57 | 0.00% |
Drugs | 2 | 0.57 | -33.33% |
Possession of weapons | 1 | 0.57 | 0.00% |
In July 2024, Anti-social behaviour recorded the highest number of incidents, totaling 102 followed closely by Violence and sexual offences, which accounted for 86 incidents.
Crime Type | Count | Crime Rate | Change |
---|---|---|---|
Anti-social behaviour | 102 | 102.06 | 15.91% |
Violence and sexual offences | 86 | 29.08 | 21.13% |
Shoplifting | 73 | 24.52 | 7.35% |
Bicycle theft | 38 | 20.81 | 8.57% |
Public order | 18 | 10.83 | 28.57% |
Other theft | 13 | 5.13 | -35.00% |
Burglary | 11 | 3.71 | 57.14% |
Criminal damage and arson | 8 | 3.14 | 33.33% |
Drugs | 3 | 2.28 | -50.00% |
Theft from the person | 3 | 0.86 | -62.50% |
Vehicle crime | 2 | 0.86 | 0.00% |
Possession of weapons | 1 | 0.57 | 0.00% |
In June 2024, Anti-social behaviour recorded the highest number of incidents, totaling 88 followed closely by Violence and sexual offences, which accounted for 71 incidents.
Crime Type | Count | Crime Rate | Change |
---|---|---|---|
Anti-social behaviour | 88 | 92.65 | 44.26% |
Violence and sexual offences | 71 | 25.09 | 14.52% |
Shoplifting | 68 | 20.24 | 13.33% |
Bicycle theft | 35 | 19.39 | 9.38% |
Other theft | 20 | 9.98 | 66.67% |
Public order | 14 | 5.70 | -6.67% |
Theft from the person | 8 | 3.99 | 0.00% |
Burglary | 7 | 2.28 | 250.00% |
Criminal damage and arson | 6 | 2.00 | -25.00% |
Drugs | 6 | 1.71 | 50.00% |
Other crime | 1 | 1.71 | 0.00% |
Possession of weapons | 1 | 0.29 | -50.00% |
In May 2024, Violence and sexual offences recorded the highest number of incidents, totaling 62 followed closely by Anti-social behaviour, which accounted for 61 incidents.
Crime Type | Count | Crime Rate | Change |
---|---|---|---|
Violence and sexual offences | 62 | 77.26 | -24.39% |
Anti-social behaviour | 61 | 17.67 | -27.38% |
Shoplifting | 60 | 17.39 | 1.69% |
Bicycle theft | 32 | 17.10 | 100.00% |
Public order | 15 | 9.12 | -6.25% |
Other theft | 12 | 4.28 | -20.00% |
Criminal damage and arson | 8 | 3.42 | -33.33% |
Theft from the person | 8 | 2.28 | 0.00% |
Drugs | 4 | 2.28 | 0.00% |
Vehicle crime | 3 | 1.14 | -40.00% |
Possession of weapons | 2 | 0.86 | 0.00% |
Robbery | 2 | 0.57 | 0.00% |
Burglary | 2 | 0.57 | -66.67% |
In April 2024, Anti-social behaviour recorded the highest number of incidents, totaling 84 followed closely by Violence and sexual offences, which accounted for 82 incidents.
Crime Type | Count | Crime Rate | Change |
---|---|---|---|
Anti-social behaviour | 84 | 88.09 | -15.15% |
Violence and sexual offences | 82 | 23.95 | 36.67% |
Shoplifting | 59 | 23.38 | -6.35% |
Public order | 16 | 16.82 | 23.08% |
Bicycle theft | 16 | 4.56 | 45.45% |
Other theft | 15 | 4.56 | -21.05% |
Criminal damage and arson | 12 | 4.28 | 20.00% |
Theft from the person | 8 | 3.42 | 300.00% |
Burglary | 6 | 2.28 | -25.00% |
Vehicle crime | 5 | 1.71 | 150.00% |
Other crime | 2 | 1.43 | -50.00% |
Possession of weapons | 2 | 0.57 | 100.00% |
Robbery | 2 | 0.57 | 0.00% |
In March 2024, Anti-social behaviour recorded the highest number of incidents, totaling 99 followed closely by Shoplifting, which accounted for 63 incidents.
Crime Type | Count | Crime Rate | Change |
---|---|---|---|
Anti-social behaviour | 99 | 83.81 | 41.43% |
Shoplifting | 63 | 28.22 | 8.62% |
Violence and sexual offences | 60 | 17.96 | -28.57% |
Other theft | 19 | 17.10 | 111.11% |
Public order | 13 | 5.42 | -18.75% |
Bicycle theft | 11 | 3.71 | -38.89% |
Criminal damage and arson | 10 | 3.14 | -41.18% |
Burglary | 8 | 2.85 | 166.67% |
Other crime | 4 | 2.28 | 33.33% |
Drugs | 2 | 1.14 | 100.00% |
Theft from the person | 2 | 0.57 | -33.33% |
Vehicle crime | 2 | 0.57 | -33.33% |
Possession of weapons | 1 | 0.57 | 0.00% |
In February 2024, Violence and sexual offences recorded the highest number of incidents, totaling 84 followed closely by Anti-social behaviour, which accounted for 70 incidents.
Crime Type | Count | Crime Rate | Change |
---|---|---|---|
Violence and sexual offences | 84 | 81.53 | 42.37% |
Anti-social behaviour | 70 | 23.95 | 27.27% |
Shoplifting | 58 | 19.96 | 7.41% |
Bicycle theft | 18 | 16.53 | 38.46% |
Criminal damage and arson | 17 | 5.13 | 70.00% |
Public order | 16 | 4.85 | 14.29% |
Other theft | 9 | 4.56 | 12.50% |
Theft from the person | 3 | 2.57 | 0.00% |
Other crime | 3 | 0.86 | 0.00% |
Vehicle crime | 3 | 0.86 | 0.00% |
Burglary | 3 | 0.86 | 50.00% |
Robbery | 1 | 0.86 | 0.00% |
Drugs | 1 | 0.29 | 0.00% |
In January 2024, Violence and sexual offences recorded the highest number of incidents, totaling 59 followed closely by Anti-social behaviour, which accounted for 55 incidents.
Crime Type | Count | Crime Rate | Change |
---|---|---|---|
Violence and sexual offences | 59 | 62.72 | -36.56% |
Anti-social behaviour | 55 | 16.82 | -16.67% |
Shoplifting | 54 | 15.68 | 5.88% |
Public order | 14 | 15.39 | 27.27% |
Bicycle theft | 13 | 3.99 | 8.33% |
Criminal damage and arson | 10 | 3.71 | -9.09% |
Other theft | 8 | 2.85 | -52.94% |
Possession of weapons | 3 | 2.28 | 200.00% |
Burglary | 2 | 0.86 | -50.00% |
Robbery | 1 | 0.57 | 0.00% |
Drugs | 1 | 0.29 | -83.33% |
In December 2023, Violence and sexual offences recorded the highest number of incidents, totaling 93 followed closely by Anti-social behaviour, which accounted for 66 incidents.
Crime Type | Count | Crime Rate | Change |
---|---|---|---|
Violence and sexual offences | 93 | 79.25 | 29.17% |
Anti-social behaviour | 66 | 26.51 | -10.81% |
Shoplifting | 51 | 18.82 | -15.00% |
Other theft | 17 | 14.54 | 30.77% |
Bicycle theft | 12 | 4.85 | -25.00% |
Criminal damage and arson | 11 | 3.42 | -15.38% |
Public order | 11 | 3.14 | -31.25% |
Drugs | 6 | 3.14 | 50.00% |
Burglary | 4 | 1.71 | -42.86% |
Theft from the person | 3 | 1.14 | -57.14% |
Vehicle crime | 2 | 0.86 | 0.00% |
Other crime | 1 | 0.57 | 0.00% |
Possession of weapons | 1 | 0.29 | -66.67% |
In November 2023, Anti-social behaviour recorded the highest number of incidents, totaling 74 followed closely by Violence and sexual offences, which accounted for 72 incidents.
Crime Type | Count | Crime Rate | Change |
---|---|---|---|
Anti-social behaviour | 74 | 81.82 | 21.31% |
Violence and sexual offences | 72 | 21.10 | -24.21% |
Shoplifting | 60 | 20.53 | 0.00% |
Public order | 16 | 17.10 | -5.88% |
Bicycle theft | 16 | 4.56 | -33.33% |
Other theft | 13 | 4.56 | -40.91% |
Criminal damage and arson | 13 | 3.71 | 18.18% |
Theft from the person | 7 | 3.71 | 0.00% |
Burglary | 7 | 2.00 | -56.25% |
Drugs | 4 | 2.00 | -55.56% |
Possession of weapons | 3 | 1.14 | 200.00% |
Vehicle crime | 2 | 0.86 | 0.00% |
In October 2023, Violence and sexual offences recorded the highest number of incidents, totaling 95 followed closely by Anti-social behaviour, which accounted for 61 incidents.
Crime Type | Count | Crime Rate | Change |
---|---|---|---|
Violence and sexual offences | 95 | 94.93 | 15.85% |
Anti-social behaviour | 61 | 27.08 | -28.24% |
Shoplifting | 60 | 17.39 | 22.45% |
Bicycle theft | 24 | 17.10 | 14.29% |
Other theft | 22 | 6.84 | 46.67% |
Public order | 17 | 6.27 | -22.73% |
Burglary | 16 | 4.85 | 128.57% |
Criminal damage and arson | 11 | 4.56 | 22.22% |
Drugs | 9 | 3.14 | -10.00% |
Theft from the person | 7 | 2.57 | -41.67% |
Other crime | 6 | 2.00 | 500.00% |
Robbery | 2 | 1.71 | -50.00% |
Vehicle crime | 2 | 0.57 | 0.00% |
Possession of weapons | 1 | 0.57 | 0.00% |
In September 2023, Anti-social behaviour recorded the highest number of incidents, totaling 85 followed closely by Violence and sexual offences, which accounted for 82 incidents.
Crime Type | Count | Crime Rate | Change |
---|---|---|---|
Anti-social behaviour | 85 | 91.23 | 0.00% |
Violence and sexual offences | 82 | 24.23 | 0.00% |
Shoplifting | 49 | 23.38 | 0.00% |
Public order | 22 | 13.97 | 0.00% |
Bicycle theft | 21 | 6.27 | 0.00% |
Other theft | 15 | 5.99 | 0.00% |
Theft from the person | 12 | 4.28 | 0.00% |
Drugs | 10 | 3.42 | 0.00% |
Criminal damage and arson | 9 | 2.85 | 0.00% |
Burglary | 7 | 2.57 | 0.00% |
Robbery | 4 | 2.00 | 0.00% |
Vehicle crime | 2 | 1.14 | 0.00% |
Possession of weapons | 1 | 0.57 | 0.00% |
Other crime | 1 | 0.29 | 0.00% |
A total of 1062 Anti-social behaviour incidents were recorded over 13 month period, averaging 81.69 incidents per month. September 2024 saw the highest number of Anti-social behaviour incidents with 110 reported cases.
Month | Count |
---|---|
September 2024 | 110 |
August 2024 | 107 |
July 2024 | 102 |
June 2024 | 88 |
May 2024 | 61 |
April 2024 | 84 |
March 2024 | 99 |
February 2024 | 70 |
January 2024 | 55 |
December 2023 | 66 |
November 2023 | 74 |
October 2023 | 61 |
September 2023 | 85 |
A total of 998 Violence and sexual offences incidents were recorded over 13 month period, averaging 76.77 incidents per month. October 2023 saw the highest number of Violence and sexual offences incidents with 95 reported cases.
Month | Count |
---|---|
September 2024 | 81 |
August 2024 | 71 |
July 2024 | 86 |
June 2024 | 71 |
May 2024 | 62 |
April 2024 | 82 |
March 2024 | 60 |
February 2024 | 84 |
January 2024 | 59 |
December 2023 | 93 |
November 2023 | 72 |
October 2023 | 95 |
September 2023 | 82 |
A total of 806 Shoplifting incidents were recorded over 13 month period, averaging 62.00 incidents per month. August 2024 saw the highest number of Shoplifting incidents with 79 reported cases.
Month | Count |
---|---|
September 2024 | 72 |
August 2024 | 79 |
July 2024 | 73 |
June 2024 | 68 |
May 2024 | 60 |
April 2024 | 59 |
March 2024 | 63 |
February 2024 | 58 |
January 2024 | 54 |
December 2023 | 51 |
November 2023 | 60 |
October 2023 | 60 |
September 2023 | 49 |
A total of 272 Bicycle theft incidents were recorded over 13 month period, averaging 20.92 incidents per month. July 2024 saw the highest number of Bicycle theft incidents with 38 reported cases.
Month | Count |
---|---|
September 2024 | 18 |
August 2024 | 18 |
July 2024 | 38 |
June 2024 | 35 |
May 2024 | 32 |
April 2024 | 16 |
March 2024 | 11 |
February 2024 | 18 |
January 2024 | 13 |
December 2023 | 12 |
November 2023 | 16 |
October 2023 | 24 |
September 2023 | 21 |
A total of 143 Criminal damage and arson incidents were recorded over 13 month period, averaging 11.00 incidents per month. February 2024 saw the highest number of Criminal damage and arson incidents with 17 reported cases.
Month | Count |
---|---|
September 2024 | 14 |
August 2024 | 14 |
July 2024 | 8 |
June 2024 | 6 |
May 2024 | 8 |
April 2024 | 12 |
March 2024 | 10 |
February 2024 | 17 |
January 2024 | 10 |
December 2023 | 11 |
November 2023 | 13 |
October 2023 | 11 |
September 2023 | 9 |
A total of 188 Other theft incidents were recorded over 13 month period, averaging 14.46 incidents per month. October 2023 saw the highest number of Other theft incidents with 22 reported cases.
Month | Count |
---|---|
September 2024 | 15 |
August 2024 | 10 |
July 2024 | 13 |
June 2024 | 20 |
May 2024 | 12 |
April 2024 | 15 |
March 2024 | 19 |
February 2024 | 9 |
January 2024 | 8 |
December 2023 | 17 |
November 2023 | 13 |
October 2023 | 22 |
September 2023 | 15 |
A total of 203 Public order incidents were recorded over 13 month period, averaging 15.62 incidents per month. September 2023 saw the highest number of Public order incidents with 22 reported cases.
Month | Count |
---|---|
September 2024 | 15 |
August 2024 | 16 |
July 2024 | 18 |
June 2024 | 14 |
May 2024 | 15 |
April 2024 | 16 |
March 2024 | 13 |
February 2024 | 16 |
January 2024 | 14 |
December 2023 | 11 |
November 2023 | 16 |
October 2023 | 17 |
September 2023 | 22 |
A total of 97 Burglary incidents were recorded over 13 month period, averaging 7.46 incidents per month. September 2024 saw the highest number of Burglary incidents with 16 reported cases.
Month | Count |
---|---|
September 2024 | 16 |
August 2024 | 8 |
July 2024 | 11 |
June 2024 | 7 |
May 2024 | 2 |
April 2024 | 6 |
March 2024 | 8 |
February 2024 | 3 |
January 2024 | 2 |
December 2023 | 4 |
November 2023 | 7 |
October 2023 | 16 |
September 2023 | 7 |
A total of 68 Theft from the person incidents were recorded over 13 month period, averaging 5.67 incidents per month. September 2023 saw the highest number of Theft from the person incidents with 12 reported cases.
Month | Count |
---|---|
September 2024 | 3 |
August 2024 | 4 |
July 2024 | 3 |
June 2024 | 8 |
May 2024 | 8 |
April 2024 | 8 |
March 2024 | 2 |
February 2024 | 3 |
December 2023 | 3 |
November 2023 | 7 |
October 2023 | 7 |
September 2023 | 12 |
A total of 17 Robbery incidents were recorded over 13 month period, averaging 2.12 incidents per month. September 2023 saw the highest number of Robbery incidents with 4 reported cases.
Month | Count |
---|---|
September 2024 | 3 |
August 2024 | 2 |
May 2024 | 2 |
April 2024 | 2 |
February 2024 | 1 |
January 2024 | 1 |
October 2023 | 2 |
September 2023 | 4 |
A total of 54 Drugs incidents were recorded over 13 month period, averaging 4.50 incidents per month. September 2023 saw the highest number of Drugs incidents with 10 reported cases.
Month | Count |
---|---|
September 2024 | 6 |
August 2024 | 2 |
July 2024 | 3 |
June 2024 | 6 |
May 2024 | 4 |
March 2024 | 2 |
February 2024 | 1 |
January 2024 | 1 |
December 2023 | 6 |
November 2023 | 4 |
October 2023 | 9 |
September 2023 | 10 |
A total of 21 Other crime incidents were recorded over 13 month period, averaging 2.62 incidents per month. October 2023 saw the highest number of Other crime incidents with 6 reported cases.
Month | Count |
---|---|
September 2024 | 3 |
June 2024 | 1 |
April 2024 | 2 |
March 2024 | 4 |
February 2024 | 3 |
December 2023 | 1 |
October 2023 | 6 |
September 2023 | 1 |
A total of 29 Vehicle crime incidents were recorded over 13 month period, averaging 2.64 incidents per month. April 2024 saw the highest number of Vehicle crime incidents with 5 reported cases.
Month | Count |
---|---|
September 2024 | 4 |
August 2024 | 2 |
July 2024 | 2 |
May 2024 | 3 |
April 2024 | 5 |
March 2024 | 2 |
February 2024 | 3 |
December 2023 | 2 |
November 2023 | 2 |
October 2023 | 2 |
September 2023 | 2 |
A total of 21 Possession of weapons incidents were recorded over 13 month period, averaging 1.75 incidents per month. September 2024 saw the highest number of Possession of weapons incidents with 4 reported cases.
Month | Count |
---|---|
September 2024 | 4 |
August 2024 | 1 |
July 2024 | 1 |
June 2024 | 1 |
May 2024 | 2 |
April 2024 | 2 |
March 2024 | 1 |
January 2024 | 3 |
December 2023 | 1 |
November 2023 | 3 |
October 2023 | 1 |
September 2023 | 1 |
A detailed breakdown of crime incidents by location within the YO1 8BN postcode area is presented below.
Total | 102 |
Violence and sexual offences | 35 |
Anti-social behaviour | 22 |
Shoplifting | 16 |
Public order | 7 |
Other theft | 5 |
Criminal damage and arson | 5 |
Bicycle theft | 3 |
Other crime | 3 |
Burglary | 2 |
Drugs | 2 |
Vehicle crime | 1 |
Possession of weapons | 1 |
Total | 21 |
Shoplifting | 15 |
Anti-social behaviour | 2 |
Violence and sexual offences | 2 |
Burglary | 1 |
Criminal damage and arson | 1 |
Total | 20 |
Shoplifting | 13 |
Public order | 3 |
Violence and sexual offences | 2 |
Anti-social behaviour | 1 |
Robbery | 1 |
Total | 17 |
Shoplifting | 8 |
Anti-social behaviour | 4 |
Violence and sexual offences | 2 |
Burglary | 1 |
Drugs | 1 |
Theft from the person | 1 |
Total | 17 |
Shoplifting | 6 |
Violence and sexual offences | 3 |
Anti-social behaviour | 2 |
Criminal damage and arson | 2 |
Other theft | 2 |
Public order | 1 |
Vehicle crime | 1 |
Total | 16 |
Anti-social behaviour | 9 |
Public order | 2 |
Violence and sexual offences | 2 |
Criminal damage and arson | 1 |
Other theft | 1 |
Bicycle theft | 1 |
Total | 15 |
Anti-social behaviour | 9 |
Shoplifting | 2 |
Burglary | 1 |
Possession of weapons | 1 |
Robbery | 1 |
Violence and sexual offences | 1 |
Total | 13 |
Anti-social behaviour | 5 |
Violence and sexual offences | 4 |
Bicycle theft | 3 |
Other theft | 1 |
Total | 12 |
Violence and sexual offences | 9 |
Anti-social behaviour | 2 |
Burglary | 1 |
Total | 10 |
Anti-social behaviour | 6 |
Violence and sexual offences | 4 |
Total | 9 |
Anti-social behaviour | 7 |
Burglary | 1 |
Violence and sexual offences | 1 |
Total | 9 |
Anti-social behaviour | 5 |
Burglary | 1 |
Drugs | 1 |
Theft from the person | 1 |
Violence and sexual offences | 1 |
Total | 6 |
Anti-social behaviour | 1 |
Bicycle theft | 1 |
Criminal damage and arson | 1 |
Drugs | 1 |
Shoplifting | 1 |
Violence and sexual offences | 1 |
Total | 6 |
Anti-social behaviour | 2 |
Burglary | 1 |
Criminal damage and arson | 1 |
Other theft | 1 |
Violence and sexual offences | 1 |
Total | 5 |
Anti-social behaviour | 3 |
Violence and sexual offences | 2 |
Total | 5 |
Anti-social behaviour | 2 |
Violence and sexual offences | 2 |
Bicycle theft | 1 |
Total | 5 |
Bicycle theft | 2 |
Anti-social behaviour | 1 |
Drugs | 1 |
Vehicle crime | 1 |
Total | 5 |
Anti-social behaviour | 2 |
Burglary | 1 |
Vehicle crime | 1 |
Violence and sexual offences | 1 |
Total | 4 |
Anti-social behaviour | 3 |
Bicycle theft | 1 |
Total | 4 |
Shoplifting | 2 |
Other theft | 1 |
Violence and sexual offences | 1 |
Total | 4 |
Other theft | 2 |
Anti-social behaviour | 1 |
Public order | 1 |
Total | 4 |
Shoplifting | 3 |
Other theft | 1 |
Total | 4 |
Burglary | 3 |
Public order | 1 |
Total | 4 |
Anti-social behaviour | 2 |
Burglary | 2 |
Total | 3 |
Shoplifting | 1 |
Theft from the person | 1 |
Violence and sexual offences | 1 |
Total | 3 |
Anti-social behaviour | 1 |
Robbery | 1 |
Shoplifting | 1 |
Total | 3 |
Possession of weapons | 2 |
Anti-social behaviour | 1 |
Total | 3 |
Bicycle theft | 2 |
Criminal damage and arson | 1 |
Total | 3 |
Shoplifting | 2 |
Criminal damage and arson | 1 |
Total | 2 |
Burglary | 1 |
Violence and sexual offences | 1 |